Arable Farming. With arable farming, the farmer plants only crops like vegetables, grains, or legumes. If you are a “do it yourself” (DIY) at-home farmer, chances are you practice arable farming.
Mixed Farming. Mixed farming mixes the planting of crops with the raising of animals on the same piece of land. Most traditional farms practice mixed farming.Subsistence Farming. Subsistence farming is done to provide food for the farmer and his family. Subsistence farming is generally DIY and produces low yields.
Shifting Cultivation. One of the most controversial farming systems, shifting cultivation occurs when a farmer clears a piece of land, uses it for 3-5 years, then abandons it when it has been used up. Many governments discourage this type of farming as it is not very sustainable.
Plantation Farming. One of the oldest farming systems. Plantation farming uses a large piece of land to grow one specific crop, like cotton or tea. Plantation farming is also sometimes referred to as tree crop farming.
Livestock Farming. Similar to arable farming, livestock farming focuses solely on raising animals, not planting crops. This is another farming system that is not very sustainable because the animals’ grazing eventually destroys the land.
Nomadic Farming. Similar to livestock farming. In nomadic farming, the farmer moves his or her animals around in search of fresh grazing and water.